UFC 4-021-02NF
27 September 2006
change 1, 23 October 2006
Figure 5-9. Typical Bistatic Microwave Layout and Guidance
5-4.3.4 Combination. As discussed previously, dual-technology sensors use a
combination of PIR and microwave technology. Techniques of "ANDing" or "ORing" the
microwave signal and the PIR signal are reviewed in Paragraph 5-5.
5-4.3.5 Vibration sensors sense intrusion through vibrations caused by personnel or
vehicular movement. These sensors are not well employed near railroad tracks,
roadways, rock quarries, or runways. Many of these systems use wireless battery-
powered sensors to send alarm signals to a notification station.
5-4.3.6 Video Content Analysis and Motion Path Analysis. The newest intrusion
detection technology for intrusion detection is sophisticated software analysis of the
camera images such as video content analysis and motion path analysis. As previously
discussed in Chapter Four, CCTV camera systems are increasingly being used as
intrusion detection systems. Application of complex algorithms to digital CCTV camera
images allow CCTV systems to detect intruders. The software programming
(algorithms) start by detecting pixel changes and evolve to include filtering to
differentiate and filter out normal video events (leaves blowing, snow falling) from alarm
events (intrusion). The application of software rules can further evolve to differentiate
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