Design of Buildings to Resist Progressive Collapse - index
Design of Buildings to Resist Progressive Collapse - ufc_4_023_030001
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) - ufc_4_023_030002
Foreword - ufc_4_023_030003
Contents - ufc_4_023_030004
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030005
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030006
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030007
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030008
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030009
Figures - ufc_4_023_030010
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030011
Tables - ufc_4_023_030013
Chapter 1 Introduction - ufc_4_023_030014
Hardening of Structures to Resist Initial Damage
Existing Design Guidelines.
Inspection Requirements
Security Engineering UFC Series
Security Engineering UFC Series - Cont'd
Chapter2 Progressive Collapse Design Requirements for New and Existing Construction
Figure 2-1 Design Process for VLLOP in New and Existing Construction
Figure 2-2 Design Process for LLOP in New and Existing Construction
Medium and High Level of Protection Design Requirement.
Additional Ductility Requirements for MLOP and HLOP
Figure 2-3 Design Process for MLOP and HLOP in New and Existing Construction
Common Design Requirements
Chapter 3 Design Strategies
Required Tie Strength.
Figure 3-1 Schematic of Tie Forces in a Frame Structure
Alternate Path Method - ufc_4_023_030030
Load and Resistance Factor Design for Alternate Path Method
External Column Removal.
Figure 3-2 Location of External Column Removal for MLOP and HLOP Structures
Figure 3-4 Removal of Column From Alternate Path Model
Internal Load-Bearing Walls
Figure 3-6 Location of Internal Load-Bearing Wall Removal
Linear and Nonlinear Static Analysis Load Case
Figure 3-7. Examples of Linear and Nonlinear Static Load Locations
Figure 3-8. Examples of Linear and Nonlinear Static Load Locations
Damage Limits for the Structure.
Figure 3-9 Inserting Hinge and Moments into Linear Static Alternate Path Model
Table 3-1 Acceptability Criteria for Elements and Connections
Combined Axial and Flexure.
Figure 3-11 Sidesway and Member End Rotations (θ) for Frames
Linear Static Analysis Procedure.
Nonlinear Static Analysis Procedure
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Procedure
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Procedure - Cont'd
Chapter 4 Reinforced Concrete Design Requirements
Strength Reduction Factor Φ for Reinforced Concrete Tie Forces
Peripheral Ties - ufc_4_023_030051
Horizontal Ties to External Columns and Walls.
Table 4-2 Removal of Deficient Reinforced Concrete Vertical Tie Elements
Table 4-3 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action
Figure 4-1 Axial Load and Moment at Balanced Strain
Shear Resistance of Reinforced Concrete
Table 4-4 Deformation Limits for Reinforced Concrete
Chapter 5 Structural Steel Design Requirements
Steel Tie Force Requirements
Figure 5-1 Example of Tying the Columns of a Steel Building
Internal Ties - ufc_4_023_030061
Vertical Ties - ufc_4_023_030062
Table 5-2 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action for Structural Steel
Flexural Resistance of Structural Steel
Combined Axial and Bending Resistance of Structural Steel
Additional Ductility Requirements
Table 5-3 Deformation Limits for Structural Steel
Chapter 6 Masonry Design Requirements
Internal Ties - ufc_4_023_030069
One Way Spans.
Vertical Ties - ufc_4_023_030071
Table 6-1 Minimum Properties for Masonry Walls with Vertical Ties
Table 6-2 Removal of Deficient Masonry Vertical Tie Elements
Table 6-3 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action for Masonry
Axial Resistance of Masonry
Table 6-4 Deformation Limits for Masonry
Chapter 7 Wood Design Requirements
Strength Reduction Factor Φ for Wood Tie Forces
Peripheral Ties - ufc_4_023_030079
Vertical Ties - ufc_4_023_030080
Table 7-1 Removal of Deficient Wood Vertical Tie Elements
Table 7-2 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action for Wood
Combined Axial and Bending Resistance of Wood
Table 7-3 Deformation Limits for Wood\
Chapter 8 Cold-Formed Steel Design Requirements
Distribution and Location
Peripheral Ties - ufc_4_023_030087
Vertical Ties - ufc_4_023_030088
Table 8-1 Removal of Deficient Cold-Formed Steel Vertical Tie Elements
Table 8-2 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action for Cold-Formed Steel
Shear Resistance of Cold-Formed Steel
Table 8-3 Deformation Limits for Cold-Formed Steel
Appendix A References - ufc_4_023_030093
Non-Government Publications - ufc_4_023_030094
Non-Government Publications - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030095
Non-Government Publications - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030096
Appendix B Commentary
Tie Forces
Reinforced Concrete Tie Forces
Figure B-1 Calculation of Upper Bound on the Basic Strength
Figure B-2 Determination of lr for Frame Construction
Figure B-4 Details for Anchoring Internal Ties to Peripheral Ties
Figure B-5 Peripheral Tie Detail for Corner Columns
Figure B-6 Lateral Support For Stiffened Sections
Figure B-7 Lateral Support For Partition Walls
Figure B-8 Lateral Support For Intersecting or Return Walls
Figure B-9 Lateral Support For Piers or Stiffened Sections
Wood Frame Tie Forces
Alternate Path Method
Factored Loads for Alternate Path Method
Plastic Hinge Considerations for AP Modeling of Steel Structures
Nonlinear Analyses of Beam-Columns
Connections and Beam-Columns
Time Effect Factor for Wood
Table B-1 Steel Moment Frame Connection Types (from GSA 2003)
Figure B-11 Fully Restrained Connections (from GSA 2003)
Figure B-12 Partially Restrained Connections (from GSA 2003)
Figure B-13 Weak Axis Connections (from GSA 2003)
Appendix C Tie Force and Nonlinear Alternate Path Analysis
Loading Assumptions
Figure C-2 Reinforced Concrete Building Elevation
Table C-1 Reinforced Concrete Member Sizes and Reinforcement
Table C-2 Required Tie Forces
Figure C-3 Plan of Removed Column
Progressive Collapse Load Combination - ufc_4_023_030125
Table C-3 Nonlinear Hinge Properties (absolute rotation in radians)
Figure C-6 Completed Static Nonlinear Model
Figure C-7 Input Screens for Nonlinear Hinge Properties
Figure C-8 Progressive Collapse Load Combination Input
Figure C-9 Hinges and Deformed Shape (isometric view)
Figure C-10 Hinges and Deformed Shape (x-x single bay)
Table C-4 Properties of Redesigned Members
Shear Capacity and Other Capacity Checks
Appendix D Tie Force and Nonlinear Alternate Path Analysis
Figure D-1 Steel Building Plan
Figure D-2 Steel Building Elevation
Table D-1 Beam and Column Sizes and Groups
Table D-2 Required Tie Forces
Figure D-3 Steel Beam to Column Connection Typical
Figure D-4 Plan of Removed Column
Progressive Collapse Load Combination - ufc_4_023_030141
Table D-3 Nonlinear Hinge Properties
Figure D-7 Completed Nonlinear Static Model
Figure D-8 Input Screens for Nonlinear Hinge Properties
Figure D-9 Progressive Collapse Load Combination Input
Figure D-10 Hinges and Deformed Shape (isometric view)
Figure D-12 Hinges and Deformed Shape (y-y single bay)
Figure D-13 Hinges and Deformed Shape for Final Design
Appendix E Masonry Connections Progressive Collapse Design
Figure E-3 Wood Rafter at Exterior Block Wall
Figure E-4 Wood Joist Perpendicular to Brick Cavity Wall Joist Hangar Supports
Figure E-8 Precast Floor Planks at Exterior Block Wall
Appendix F Guidance for Progressive Collapse Design in Wood Frame Structures
Figure F-1 Depiction of Barracks Buildings Used in Tie Force Example
Table F-1 Required Tie Forces for Barracks Building
Table F-2 Calculations for Tie Force Wood Member - ufc_4_023_030156
Table F-2 Calculations for Tie Force Wood Member - ufc_4_023_030157
Figure F-3 Schematic of Internal and Horizontal Ties
Figure F-5 Schematic of Peripheral and Horizontal Ties; E-W Detail
Figure F-6 Holdown Installation for Vertical Ties (Single Shear Shown)
Figure F-7 Illustrations of Rim Beam Use in Wood Frame Construction
Figure F-9 Potential Redistribution of Floor Loads
Table F-3 Load Carrying Elements
Table F-5 Acceptability Criteria Check for 8 x 12 S.Y.P. No. 2 Rim Beam
Table F-6 Acceptability Criteria Check for Wall Studs
Figure F-10 Cross Section of North-South Exterior Wall
Table F-7 Acceptability Criteria Check for 8 x 12 S.Y.P. No. 2 Girder
Table F-8 Acceptability Criteria Check for Columns (4 2x6 SYP No. 2)
Figure F-11 Cellular Layout
Figure F-12 Notional Exterior Load Bearing Wall Removal
Table F-10 Acceptability Criteria Check for Wall Studs (2x6 SYP No. 2)
Appendix G 2003 International Building Code Modifications
Chapter 17 Structural Tests and Special Inspections
1716.3 [Addition] Contractor responsibility
[Addition] Structural steel - ufc_4_023_030175
[Addition] Structural steel - ufc_4_023_030176
Design of Buildings to Resist Progressive Collapse - ufc_4_023_030001
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) - ufc_4_023_030002
Foreword - ufc_4_023_030003
Contents - ufc_4_023_030004
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030005
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030006
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030007
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030008
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030009
Figures - ufc_4_023_030010
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030011
Tables - ufc_4_023_030013
Chapter 1 Introduction - ufc_4_023_030014
Hardening of Structures to Resist Initial Damage
Existing Design Guidelines.
Inspection Requirements
Security Engineering UFC Series
Security Engineering UFC Series - Cont'd
Chapter2 Progressive Collapse Design Requirements for New and Existing Construction
Figure 2-1 Design Process for VLLOP in New and Existing Construction
Figure 2-2 Design Process for LLOP in New and Existing Construction
Medium and High Level of Protection Design Requirement.
Additional Ductility Requirements for MLOP and HLOP
Figure 2-3 Design Process for MLOP and HLOP in New and Existing Construction
Common Design Requirements
Chapter 3 Design Strategies
Required Tie Strength.
Figure 3-1 Schematic of Tie Forces in a Frame Structure
Alternate Path Method - ufc_4_023_030030
Load and Resistance Factor Design for Alternate Path Method
External Column Removal.
Figure 3-2 Location of External Column Removal for MLOP and HLOP Structures
Figure 3-4 Removal of Column From Alternate Path Model
Internal Load-Bearing Walls
Figure 3-6 Location of Internal Load-Bearing Wall Removal
Linear and Nonlinear Static Analysis Load Case
Figure 3-7. Examples of Linear and Nonlinear Static Load Locations
Figure 3-8. Examples of Linear and Nonlinear Static Load Locations
Damage Limits for the Structure.
Figure 3-9 Inserting Hinge and Moments into Linear Static Alternate Path Model
Table 3-1 Acceptability Criteria for Elements and Connections
Combined Axial and Flexure.
Figure 3-11 Sidesway and Member End Rotations (θ) for Frames
Linear Static Analysis Procedure.
Nonlinear Static Analysis Procedure
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Procedure
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Procedure - Cont'd
Chapter 4 Reinforced Concrete Design Requirements
Strength Reduction Factor Φ for Reinforced Concrete Tie Forces
Peripheral Ties - ufc_4_023_030051
Horizontal Ties to External Columns and Walls.
Table 4-2 Removal of Deficient Reinforced Concrete Vertical Tie Elements
Table 4-3 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action
Figure 4-1 Axial Load and Moment at Balanced Strain
Shear Resistance of Reinforced Concrete
Table 4-4 Deformation Limits for Reinforced Concrete
Chapter 5 Structural Steel Design Requirements
Steel Tie Force Requirements
Figure 5-1 Example of Tying the Columns of a Steel Building
Internal Ties - ufc_4_023_030061
Vertical Ties - ufc_4_023_030062
Table 5-2 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action for Structural Steel
Flexural Resistance of Structural Steel
Combined Axial and Bending Resistance of Structural Steel
Additional Ductility Requirements
Table 5-3 Deformation Limits for Structural Steel
Chapter 6 Masonry Design Requirements
Internal Ties - ufc_4_023_030069
One Way Spans.
Vertical Ties - ufc_4_023_030071
Table 6-1 Minimum Properties for Masonry Walls with Vertical Ties
Table 6-2 Removal of Deficient Masonry Vertical Tie Elements
Table 6-3 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action for Masonry
Axial Resistance of Masonry
Table 6-4 Deformation Limits for Masonry
Chapter 7 Wood Design Requirements
Strength Reduction Factor Φ for Wood Tie Forces
Peripheral Ties - ufc_4_023_030079
Vertical Ties - ufc_4_023_030080
Table 7-1 Removal of Deficient Wood Vertical Tie Elements
Table 7-2 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action for Wood
Combined Axial and Bending Resistance of Wood
Table 7-3 Deformation Limits for Wood\
Chapter 8 Cold-Formed Steel Design Requirements
Distribution and Location
Peripheral Ties - ufc_4_023_030087
Vertical Ties - ufc_4_023_030088
Table 8-1 Removal of Deficient Cold-Formed Steel Vertical Tie Elements
Table 8-2 Acceptability Criteria and Subsequent Action for Cold-Formed Steel
Shear Resistance of Cold-Formed Steel
Table 8-3 Deformation Limits for Cold-Formed Steel
Appendix A References - ufc_4_023_030093
Non-Government Publications - ufc_4_023_030094
Non-Government Publications - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030095
Non-Government Publications - Cont'd - ufc_4_023_030096
Appendix B Commentary
Tie Forces
Reinforced Concrete Tie Forces
Figure B-1 Calculation of Upper Bound on the Basic Strength
Figure B-2 Determination of lr for Frame Construction
Figure B-4 Details for Anchoring Internal Ties to Peripheral Ties
Figure B-5 Peripheral Tie Detail for Corner Columns
Figure B-6 Lateral Support For Stiffened Sections
Figure B-7 Lateral Support For Partition Walls
Figure B-8 Lateral Support For Intersecting or Return Walls
Figure B-9 Lateral Support For Piers or Stiffened Sections
Wood Frame Tie Forces
Alternate Path Method
Factored Loads for Alternate Path Method
Plastic Hinge Considerations for AP Modeling of Steel Structures
Nonlinear Analyses of Beam-Columns
Connections and Beam-Columns
Time Effect Factor for Wood
Table B-1 Steel Moment Frame Connection Types (from GSA 2003)
Figure B-11 Fully Restrained Connections (from GSA 2003)
Figure B-12 Partially Restrained Connections (from GSA 2003)
Figure B-13 Weak Axis Connections (from GSA 2003)
Appendix C Tie Force and Nonlinear Alternate Path Analysis
Loading Assumptions
Figure C-2 Reinforced Concrete Building Elevation
Table C-1 Reinforced Concrete Member Sizes and Reinforcement
Table C-2 Required Tie Forces
Figure C-3 Plan of Removed Column
Progressive Collapse Load Combination - ufc_4_023_030125
Table C-3 Nonlinear Hinge Properties (absolute rotation in radians)
Figure C-6 Completed Static Nonlinear Model
Figure C-7 Input Screens for Nonlinear Hinge Properties
Figure C-8 Progressive Collapse Load Combination Input
Figure C-9 Hinges and Deformed Shape (isometric view)
Figure C-10 Hinges and Deformed Shape (x-x single bay)
Table C-4 Properties of Redesigned Members
Shear Capacity and Other Capacity Checks
Appendix D Tie Force and Nonlinear Alternate Path Analysis
Figure D-1 Steel Building Plan
Figure D-2 Steel Building Elevation
Table D-1 Beam and Column Sizes and Groups
Table D-2 Required Tie Forces
Figure D-3 Steel Beam to Column Connection Typical
Figure D-4 Plan of Removed Column
Progressive Collapse Load Combination - ufc_4_023_030141
Table D-3 Nonlinear Hinge Properties
Figure D-7 Completed Nonlinear Static Model
Figure D-8 Input Screens for Nonlinear Hinge Properties
Figure D-9 Progressive Collapse Load Combination Input
Figure D-10 Hinges and Deformed Shape (isometric view)
Figure D-12 Hinges and Deformed Shape (y-y single bay)
Figure D-13 Hinges and Deformed Shape for Final Design
Appendix E Masonry Connections Progressive Collapse Design
Figure E-3 Wood Rafter at Exterior Block Wall
Figure E-4 Wood Joist Perpendicular to Brick Cavity Wall Joist Hangar Supports
Figure E-8 Precast Floor Planks at Exterior Block Wall
Appendix F Guidance for Progressive Collapse Design in Wood Frame Structures
Figure F-1 Depiction of Barracks Buildings Used in Tie Force Example
Table F-1 Required Tie Forces for Barracks Building
Table F-2 Calculations for Tie Force Wood Member - ufc_4_023_030156
Table F-2 Calculations for Tie Force Wood Member - ufc_4_023_030157
Figure F-3 Schematic of Internal and Horizontal Ties
Figure F-5 Schematic of Peripheral and Horizontal Ties; E-W Detail
Figure F-6 Holdown Installation for Vertical Ties (Single Shear Shown)
Figure F-7 Illustrations of Rim Beam Use in Wood Frame Construction
Figure F-9 Potential Redistribution of Floor Loads
Table F-3 Load Carrying Elements
Table F-5 Acceptability Criteria Check for 8 x 12 S.Y.P. No. 2 Rim Beam
Table F-6 Acceptability Criteria Check for Wall Studs
Figure F-10 Cross Section of North-South Exterior Wall
Table F-7 Acceptability Criteria Check for 8 x 12 S.Y.P. No. 2 Girder
Table F-8 Acceptability Criteria Check for Columns (4 2x6 SYP No. 2)
Figure F-11 Cellular Layout
Figure F-12 Notional Exterior Load Bearing Wall Removal
Table F-10 Acceptability Criteria Check for Wall Studs (2x6 SYP No. 2)
Appendix G 2003 International Building Code Modifications
Chapter 17 Structural Tests and Special Inspections
1716.3 [Addition] Contractor responsibility
[Addition] Structural steel - ufc_4_023_030175
[Addition] Structural steel - ufc_4_023_030176
