Design: Hyperbaric Facilities - index
Design: Hyperbaric Facilities - ufc_4_159_01n0001
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) - ufc_4_159_01n0002
Foreword - ufc_4_159_01n0003
Contents - ufc_4_159_01n0004
Chapter 1 Introduction - ufc_4_159_01n0005
Appendix A - ufc_4_159_01n0006
CCB Application Notes - ufc_4_159_01n0007
Design Manual 39
Contributors
Abstract - ufc_4_159_01n0013
Foreword - ufc_4_159_01n0014
Contents - ufc_4_159_01n0015
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0016
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0017
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0018
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0019
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0020
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0021
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0022
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0023
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0024
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0025
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0026
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0027
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0028
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0029
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0030
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0031
Figures - ufc_4_159_01n0032
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0033
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0034
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0035
Tables - ufc_4_159_01n0036
Chapter 1. Hyperbaric Facilities
Hazards
Chapter 2. Hyperbaric Pressure Vessels
Design Considerations - ufc_4_159_01n0040
Manufacturers Design Report
User's Design Specification
Section 2. Materials for Hyperbaric Vessels
Pressure Hull/Vessel Materials
Bolting Material
Class 2, Material of known properties
Class 3, Materials whose properties are to be proven
Class 3, Materials whose properties are to be proven - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0048
Class 3, Materials whose properties are to be proven - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0049
Figure 2-1 typical Charpy Test Data on High Strenght Steels
Figure 2-2 Typical NDT Specimen Performance at Different Temperatures When to ASTM A-208
Figure 2-3 Typical Charpy V Impact Test Data
Figure 2-4 Arrest Curve Overlayed to Demonstrate the Rezidual Strees Pattern
Figure 2-5 Toughness Relative of Rolling and Effect of Rolling Ratio of High Strength Steels
Figure 2-6 Toughness Relative to Direction of rolling of Aluminum Alloy Plates
Corrosion Considerations
Corrosion Considerations - Cont'd
Section 3. Design\
Computer Programs
Stress Intensity Limits
Stress classification
Table 2-1 Classification of Tresses for Some Typical Cases
Table 2-1 Classification of Tresses for Some Typical Cases - Cont'd
Determining stress intensities
Figure 2-7 Stress Categories and Limits of Stress Intensty
Determining stress intensities - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0067
Figure 2-8 Fatigue Curve for Low Carbon and Alloy Steels
Determining stress intensities - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0069
Design Requirements - ufc_4_159_01n0070
Table 2-2 Strees Intensity Factors for Various Load Combinations
Article D-2, "Shells of Revolution Under Internal Pressure
Article D-5, "Openings and Their Reinforcement
Appendix 3, "Rules for Bolted Flange Connections"
Appendix 6, "Experimental Stress Analysis"
Example of Design By Analysis as Applied to a Spherical Chamber
Figure 2-9 Schematic of Proposed Class 1 Vessel
Materials and Initial Calculations
Support Skirt Compressive Stress
Penetrations & Openings, Reinforcement
Design for Internal Pressure
Inlet and Outlet Nozzles - ufc_4_159_01n0084
Figure 2-10 Details of Reinforcement for 4.0 Inch Nozzle
Inlet and Outlet Nozzles - Cont'd
Viewport Mounting Ring
Figure 2-11 Details of Windows Reinforcement
Entranceway-shell Intersection
Figure 2-12 Details of Reinforcement for 40.0 InchDiameter Penetration
Entranceway-shell Intersection - Cont'd
Figure 2-13 Details of Entranesway and Door
Stress Analysis - ufc_4_159_01n0094
Method of Analysis
Figure 2-14 Model No. 1 for Input to Computer Program
Figure 2-15 Model No. 2 for Input to Computer Program
Figure 2-16 Model No. 3 for Input to Computer Program
Method of Analysis - Cont'd
Figure 2-17 Details of 4.0-Inch Nozzle From Model No. 1
Figure 2-18 Some Maximum Stresses in Model No. 1
Categorization of Stress
Figure 2-19 Details of Geometric Model of the 40.0 Inch Entranceway Reinforcement
Figure 2-20 Some Maximum Stresses in Model No.2
Figure 2-21 Some Maximum Stresses in Model No.3
Categorization of Stress - Cont'd
Stress Intensities
Stress Intensity Limits.
Stress Intensity Limits - Cont'd
Table 2-3 Maximum Stress Intensities in Model No. 1
Table 2-4 Maximum Stress Intensities in Model No. 2
Table 2-5 Maximum Stress Intensities in Model No. 3
Stress Index Method
Design Changes
Miscellaneous Considerations
Example of Design by Analysis as Applied to A Cylindrical Chamber
Minimum Shell Thickness
Inlet and Outlet Nozzles - ufc_4_159_01n0119
Figure 2-22 Configuration of 5.0 Inch Diameter Intet and Outlet Nozzles
Figure 2-23 Details of Shell, Viewport Penetration in Head and Entranceway
Hatch
Supports - ufc_4_159_01n0124
Figure 2-24 Front View of Cylindrical Chamber
Figure 2-26 Longitudinal Section of Cylindrical Chamber
Figure 2-27 details of Viewport Penetration Reinforcement in Cylinder
Figure 2-28 Model of Hactch end of Vessel for Input to Computer
Methods of Analysis-Nonsymmetric Problems
Figure 2-29 Cireumferential Stress in Vessel at Hatch end
Figure 2-30 Maridional Stress in Vessel at Hatch End
Figure 2-31 Computer Model and Stress Output for Hatch Cover
Categorization of Stress.
Figure 2-32 Three Component Model of Viewport penestration in Cylinder for Input to Computer
Figure 2-33 Hoops Stresses in Vicinitry of Viewport penetration in Cylinder
Stress Intensities.
References - ufc_4_159_01n0138
References - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0139
Chapter 3. Appurtnances
Figure 3-1 Flat Plate Viewport
Figure Double Conical Frustum Window
Figure 3-5 Flat Windows Pressure Sealing With Exyerior Bolting
Material Selection - ufc_4_159_01n0144
Figure 3-7 Commercially Available Glass Windows
Field of View Considerations
Figure 3-8 Refractive Effect of Flat Windows
Figure 3-9 Limiting Aperture Locations on Various Viewport Configurations
Figure 3-10 Graphical Determination of Monocular and Binocular Viewing Fields in the Horizontal Plane
Physical Properties
Table 3-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Lot
Table 3-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Lot - Cont'd
Table 3-2 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Casting
Window Design
Figure 3-11 Standard Window geometrics
STCP of an acrylic plastic window is, for the purposes of this Standard
Figure 3-12 Short Term Critical Presure of Flat Disc Acrylic Windows to 7,250 psi
Figure 3-13 Short Term Critical Presure of Flat Disc Acrylic Windows to 7,250 psi
Figure 3-12 Short Term Critical Presure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows to 7,250 psi
Figure 3-15 Short Term Critical Presure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows to 43,500 psi
Table 3-3 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Plastic Flat Disc Windows
Table 3-4 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Mastic
Table 3-5 Conical Frustum Windows for Design Pressures in Excess of 10,000 psi (69 MPA)
The STCP of a window accepted for service in pressure vessels for human occupancy should not be less than
Window Seats
Figure 3-16 Seat Cavity Requirements (Conical Frustum, Spherical Shell, and Flat Disc)
Figure 3-17 Seat Cavity Requirements (Double Beveled Disc)
Windows Seal
Dimensional Tolerances and Surface Finish
Fabrication of Windows
Table 3-6 Annealing Schedule for Acrylic Plastic Windows
Pressure Testing of Windows
Section 2. Doors and Closures
Figure 3-18 Typical Recompression Chamber Door
Figure 3-19 Typical Service Lock
Table 3-7 Standing Anatomical Dimensions (inches)
Table 3-8 Seated Anatomical Dimensions (inches) (See Reference 5)
Figure 3-20 Typical Recompression Chamber Entrance (Vertical Door)
Closing Mechanisms
Figure 3-21 Breach Lock
Figure 3-22 Spring Clamps
Figure 3-23 Segmented Ring Closure
Figure 3-24 Swing Bolt Closure
Figure 3-25 Clamping Bar Closure
Doorand Closure Higes
Figure 3-26 Compound Hinges
Figure 3-27 Conventional Gasketed Closure
Door Seals for Compression Chambers
Figure 3-29 Threaded Cap Closure
Figure 3-30 Threaded Plug Closure
Figure 3-31 Flat Face 0-Ring Suitable for High Pressure
Figure 3-32 Floating Ring Seal for High Pressures
Figure 3-33 O-Ring Sealeed Penetrator Plug
Doorand Closure Location
Figure 3-34 Chamber Door With O-ring Dovetail Groove
Section 3. Interior Appurtenances
References - ufc_4_159_01n0197
Chapter 4 Foundations
Section 1. Site Selection
Section 2. Subsurface Evaluation
Laboratory Tests
Section 3. Foundation Analysis and Design
Foundation Types - ufc_4_159_01n0203
Foundation Type Selection
Section 4. Structural Supports
Design Parameters Pecullair to Each Material
Reinforced Concrete
Section 5. Installation in Existing Buildings
Foundation Types - ufc_4_159_01n0209
Structural Supports
References - ufc_4_159_01n0211
Chapter 5. Piping
Table 5-1 Hyperbaric Facilities - Applicable Codes, Spacifications, and Standards
Section 2. Design Considerations
Special consideration must be given to
Section 3. Piping System Materials
Table 5-2 Class 1 Piping Materials
Materials Specifically Not Permitted
Material Compatibility
Compatibility with Oxygen
Table 5-3 Oxygen Systems Contained in MIL-STD-777
Environmental Compatibility
Section 4. Construction Considerations
Table 5-4 Wall Thickness for Bending
Pipe Joints
Brazing Qualification
Flanged Joints/Bolted Flanges
Section 5. Design Guidance
Fluid Flow Approximations
Figure 5-1 Friction Factors for Clean Commercial Stest and Wrought Iron Pipe
Approach to Flow Approximation
Figure 5-2 Resistance of Valves and Fittings
Table 5-5 Physical Properties of Gases
Table 5-6 Reasonable Velocities for the Flow of Water Through Pipe
Table 5-9 Flow of Water Through Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
Table 5-10 Flow of Air Through Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
Table 5-11 Commercial Wrought Steel Pipe Data
Table 5-11 Commercial Wrought Steel Pipe Data - Cont'd
Approach to Flow Approximation - Cont'd
Approximation for Water, Low Flow
Figure 5-3 Example Fluid System
Approximation for Helium, High Flow
Table 5-12 Typical Dimentions for Commercially Available Tubing
Design for Pressure
Design for Pressure - Cont'd
System Detailing and Final Flow Analysis
System Detailing and Final Flow Analysis - Cont'd
Flanged Joint Seals
Structural Analysis - ufc_4_159_01n0250
Structural Analysis - Cont'd
Analysis Procedure for Category I and II Piping System
Category III and IV Piping Systems
Noise Considerations
Table 5-13 Sound Level Considerations in Small Compartments (5.13)
Noise Control.
Color Code Shore Based Systems
References - ufc_4_159_01n0258
References - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0259
Chapter 6 Life Support Systems
Figure 6-1 Parcentage of Oxygen in Breathing Mixture as a Function of Depth and Oxygen Partial Pressure (1)
Oxygen versus Depth Ranges
Contaminants - ufc_4_159_01n0263
Figure 6-2 Limiting Percent of CO2 in Breathing Gas Mixture as a Funtion of Depth and CO2 Partial Pressure (1)
Figure 6-3 Relation of Physiological Effacts to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Exposure Period (4)
Figure 6-2 Limiting Percent of CO in Breathing Gas Mixture as a Funtion of Depth and CD Partial Pressure (7)
Breathing Gas Consumtion Requirements
Figure 6-5 Total Hydrocarbons Allowed Vs. Dive Depth (7)
Figure 6-7 Allowable Sulfur Dioxide Vs. Dive Depth (7)
Figure 6-8 Relation of Respiratory Volume and Oxygen Consumtion to Type and Level of Exertion (9)
Section 2. Air Systems
Figure 6-9 Compressed Air System
Figure 6-10 Vertical Storage Flask Drain
Figure 6-11 Horizontal Storage Flask
Section 3. Gas Systems
Figure 6-14 Gas Transfer to Storage
Figure 6-15 Schematic Arrangement of Airco Mixmaker Mixing System (1)
Figure 6-16 Carbon Dioxide Control
Figure 6-17 Characteristics of Three Carboon Dioxide Absorbent (1)
Temperature-Humidity Control
Figure 6-18 relation of Pressure Drop to Supercial Velocity,Pressure
Figure 6-19 Typical Canister Configuration (1)
Figure 6-20 Temperature Humidity Control
Figure 6-21 Psychrometric Chart1 - Data for Gas Mixtures at Pressures
Figure 6-22 Psychrometric Chart 2 - Data for Gas Mixtures at Pressures
Figure 6-23 Psyhrometric Chart 3 - Correction for Enthalpy of Molsture Content (1)
Gas Distribution
Figure 6-24 Gas Sampling Equipment
Section 4. Auxiliary Breathing Systems
Section 5. Atmosphere Monitoring
Figure 6-26 Typical Online Gas Analysis System
Section 6. Food Supply
Figure 6-27 Typical Potable Water and Sanitary System
Figure 6-28 Typical Sanitary System Interlock
Potable Water and Sanitary System
References - ufc_4_159_01n0298
Chapter 7. Wet Chamber Water Systems
Figure 7-1 West Pot Water System Schemetric Diagram
Lines
Section 2. Water Treatment
Section 3. Water Temperature Control
Figure 7-2 Viewport Insulating Cover
References - ufc_4_159_01n0305
Chapter 8. Fire Protection and Extinguishing Systems
Manual Activation
Figure 8-1 Pressurized Tank for Fire Extinguishing
Fire Extinguishers
This is a Serious Misconception
Figure 8-2 Physiologically Usable, Fire Safe Regional for Helium-Oxygen Atmospheres (1)
Figure 8-3 Combustibility of Material in a Chamber Pressurized First with Air Then With Helium
Structural
Emergency Breathing Apparatus
References - ufc_4_159_01n0316
Chapter 9. Electrical Systems
Section 2. Power Supply
Figure 9-1 Example of Isolation Circuits
Section 3. Wiring
Explosion-Proof Circuits
Figure 9-2 Example of an Energy Limited Supply
Section 4. Lighting
Figure 9-3 Hull Mounted Sbmarine Navigation Light
Figure 9-4 Light Pipe Pressure Containing Windows
Figure 9-6 Hull Mounted Submarine Navigation Light Replacement
Figure 9-8 External Light Heat Shield and Dissipation
Table 9-1 Recommended Illumination Levels for Various Task Grades
References - ufc_4_159_01n0329
Section 1. Audio Communications
Intercom Power Requirements
Figure 10-1 Fundamental Lengthwise Resonant Frequencis
Section 2. Video Communications
Figure 10-2 Example Audio System
Figure 10-3 Camera Location
Lighting Requirements
Chapter 11. Chamber Operating Control Systems
Figure 11-2 Suggested Parameters for Mockup of Standing Operator Workplaces
Section 2. Control Panel Design
References - ufc_4_159_01n0340
Chapter 12. Lubricants, Sealants, and Cleaning Procedures for Hyperbaric Systems
Table 12-1 Lubricants Oils
Table 12-3 Lubricants Dry Films
Table 12-4 Gaskets, Packing, and Bearings
Table 12-5 Thread Sealants and Lubricants
Section 2. Cleaning Procedures
Table 12-8 Limits for Atmospheric Constituents
Table 12-9 Maximum Concentration for Some Common Contaminants in Saturation Complex Atmospheres
Table 12-9 Maximum Concentration for Some Common Contaminants in Saturation Complex Atmospheres - Cont'd
Piping and Gas Storage Systems
Acceptable Cleaning Agents
References - ufc_4_159_01n0352
Index - ufc_4_159_01n0353
Index - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0354
Index - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0355
Index - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0356
Index - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0357
Design: Hyperbaric Facilities - ufc_4_159_01n0001
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) - ufc_4_159_01n0002
Foreword - ufc_4_159_01n0003
Contents - ufc_4_159_01n0004
Chapter 1 Introduction - ufc_4_159_01n0005
Appendix A - ufc_4_159_01n0006
CCB Application Notes - ufc_4_159_01n0007
Design Manual 39
Contributors
Abstract - ufc_4_159_01n0013
Foreword - ufc_4_159_01n0014
Contents - ufc_4_159_01n0015
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0016
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0017
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0018
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0019
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0020
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0021
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0022
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0023
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0024
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0025
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0026
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0027
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0028
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0029
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0030
Contents - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0031
Figures - ufc_4_159_01n0032
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0033
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0034
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0035
Tables - ufc_4_159_01n0036
Chapter 1. Hyperbaric Facilities
Hazards
Chapter 2. Hyperbaric Pressure Vessels
Design Considerations - ufc_4_159_01n0040
Manufacturers Design Report
User's Design Specification
Section 2. Materials for Hyperbaric Vessels
Pressure Hull/Vessel Materials
Bolting Material
Class 2, Material of known properties
Class 3, Materials whose properties are to be proven
Class 3, Materials whose properties are to be proven - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0048
Class 3, Materials whose properties are to be proven - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0049
Figure 2-1 typical Charpy Test Data on High Strenght Steels
Figure 2-2 Typical NDT Specimen Performance at Different Temperatures When to ASTM A-208
Figure 2-3 Typical Charpy V Impact Test Data
Figure 2-4 Arrest Curve Overlayed to Demonstrate the Rezidual Strees Pattern
Figure 2-5 Toughness Relative of Rolling and Effect of Rolling Ratio of High Strength Steels
Figure 2-6 Toughness Relative to Direction of rolling of Aluminum Alloy Plates
Corrosion Considerations
Corrosion Considerations - Cont'd
Section 3. Design\
Computer Programs
Stress Intensity Limits
Stress classification
Table 2-1 Classification of Tresses for Some Typical Cases
Table 2-1 Classification of Tresses for Some Typical Cases - Cont'd
Determining stress intensities
Figure 2-7 Stress Categories and Limits of Stress Intensty
Determining stress intensities - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0067
Figure 2-8 Fatigue Curve for Low Carbon and Alloy Steels
Determining stress intensities - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0069
Design Requirements - ufc_4_159_01n0070
Table 2-2 Strees Intensity Factors for Various Load Combinations
Article D-2, "Shells of Revolution Under Internal Pressure
Article D-5, "Openings and Their Reinforcement
Appendix 3, "Rules for Bolted Flange Connections"
Appendix 6, "Experimental Stress Analysis"
Example of Design By Analysis as Applied to a Spherical Chamber
Figure 2-9 Schematic of Proposed Class 1 Vessel
Materials and Initial Calculations
Support Skirt Compressive Stress
Penetrations & Openings, Reinforcement
Design for Internal Pressure
Inlet and Outlet Nozzles - ufc_4_159_01n0084
Figure 2-10 Details of Reinforcement for 4.0 Inch Nozzle
Inlet and Outlet Nozzles - Cont'd
Viewport Mounting Ring
Figure 2-11 Details of Windows Reinforcement
Entranceway-shell Intersection
Figure 2-12 Details of Reinforcement for 40.0 InchDiameter Penetration
Entranceway-shell Intersection - Cont'd
Figure 2-13 Details of Entranesway and Door
Stress Analysis - ufc_4_159_01n0094
Method of Analysis
Figure 2-14 Model No. 1 for Input to Computer Program
Figure 2-15 Model No. 2 for Input to Computer Program
Figure 2-16 Model No. 3 for Input to Computer Program
Method of Analysis - Cont'd
Figure 2-17 Details of 4.0-Inch Nozzle From Model No. 1
Figure 2-18 Some Maximum Stresses in Model No. 1
Categorization of Stress
Figure 2-19 Details of Geometric Model of the 40.0 Inch Entranceway Reinforcement
Figure 2-20 Some Maximum Stresses in Model No.2
Figure 2-21 Some Maximum Stresses in Model No.3
Categorization of Stress - Cont'd
Stress Intensities
Stress Intensity Limits.
Stress Intensity Limits - Cont'd
Table 2-3 Maximum Stress Intensities in Model No. 1
Table 2-4 Maximum Stress Intensities in Model No. 2
Table 2-5 Maximum Stress Intensities in Model No. 3
Stress Index Method
Design Changes
Miscellaneous Considerations
Example of Design by Analysis as Applied to A Cylindrical Chamber
Minimum Shell Thickness
Inlet and Outlet Nozzles - ufc_4_159_01n0119
Figure 2-22 Configuration of 5.0 Inch Diameter Intet and Outlet Nozzles
Figure 2-23 Details of Shell, Viewport Penetration in Head and Entranceway
Hatch
Supports - ufc_4_159_01n0124
Figure 2-24 Front View of Cylindrical Chamber
Figure 2-26 Longitudinal Section of Cylindrical Chamber
Figure 2-27 details of Viewport Penetration Reinforcement in Cylinder
Figure 2-28 Model of Hactch end of Vessel for Input to Computer
Methods of Analysis-Nonsymmetric Problems
Figure 2-29 Cireumferential Stress in Vessel at Hatch end
Figure 2-30 Maridional Stress in Vessel at Hatch End
Figure 2-31 Computer Model and Stress Output for Hatch Cover
Categorization of Stress.
Figure 2-32 Three Component Model of Viewport penestration in Cylinder for Input to Computer
Figure 2-33 Hoops Stresses in Vicinitry of Viewport penetration in Cylinder
Stress Intensities.
References - ufc_4_159_01n0138
References - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0139
Chapter 3. Appurtnances
Figure 3-1 Flat Plate Viewport
Figure Double Conical Frustum Window
Figure 3-5 Flat Windows Pressure Sealing With Exyerior Bolting
Material Selection - ufc_4_159_01n0144
Figure 3-7 Commercially Available Glass Windows
Field of View Considerations
Figure 3-8 Refractive Effect of Flat Windows
Figure 3-9 Limiting Aperture Locations on Various Viewport Configurations
Figure 3-10 Graphical Determination of Monocular and Binocular Viewing Fields in the Horizontal Plane
Physical Properties
Table 3-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Lot
Table 3-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Lot - Cont'd
Table 3-2 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Casting
Window Design
Figure 3-11 Standard Window geometrics
STCP of an acrylic plastic window is, for the purposes of this Standard
Figure 3-12 Short Term Critical Presure of Flat Disc Acrylic Windows to 7,250 psi
Figure 3-13 Short Term Critical Presure of Flat Disc Acrylic Windows to 7,250 psi
Figure 3-12 Short Term Critical Presure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows to 7,250 psi
Figure 3-15 Short Term Critical Presure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows to 43,500 psi
Table 3-3 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Plastic Flat Disc Windows
Table 3-4 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Mastic
Table 3-5 Conical Frustum Windows for Design Pressures in Excess of 10,000 psi (69 MPA)
The STCP of a window accepted for service in pressure vessels for human occupancy should not be less than
Window Seats
Figure 3-16 Seat Cavity Requirements (Conical Frustum, Spherical Shell, and Flat Disc)
Figure 3-17 Seat Cavity Requirements (Double Beveled Disc)
Windows Seal
Dimensional Tolerances and Surface Finish
Fabrication of Windows
Table 3-6 Annealing Schedule for Acrylic Plastic Windows
Pressure Testing of Windows
Section 2. Doors and Closures
Figure 3-18 Typical Recompression Chamber Door
Figure 3-19 Typical Service Lock
Table 3-7 Standing Anatomical Dimensions (inches)
Table 3-8 Seated Anatomical Dimensions (inches) (See Reference 5)
Figure 3-20 Typical Recompression Chamber Entrance (Vertical Door)
Closing Mechanisms
Figure 3-21 Breach Lock
Figure 3-22 Spring Clamps
Figure 3-23 Segmented Ring Closure
Figure 3-24 Swing Bolt Closure
Figure 3-25 Clamping Bar Closure
Doorand Closure Higes
Figure 3-26 Compound Hinges
Figure 3-27 Conventional Gasketed Closure
Door Seals for Compression Chambers
Figure 3-29 Threaded Cap Closure
Figure 3-30 Threaded Plug Closure
Figure 3-31 Flat Face 0-Ring Suitable for High Pressure
Figure 3-32 Floating Ring Seal for High Pressures
Figure 3-33 O-Ring Sealeed Penetrator Plug
Doorand Closure Location
Figure 3-34 Chamber Door With O-ring Dovetail Groove
Section 3. Interior Appurtenances
References - ufc_4_159_01n0197
Chapter 4 Foundations
Section 1. Site Selection
Section 2. Subsurface Evaluation
Laboratory Tests
Section 3. Foundation Analysis and Design
Foundation Types - ufc_4_159_01n0203
Foundation Type Selection
Section 4. Structural Supports
Design Parameters Pecullair to Each Material
Reinforced Concrete
Section 5. Installation in Existing Buildings
Foundation Types - ufc_4_159_01n0209
Structural Supports
References - ufc_4_159_01n0211
Chapter 5. Piping
Table 5-1 Hyperbaric Facilities - Applicable Codes, Spacifications, and Standards
Section 2. Design Considerations
Special consideration must be given to
Section 3. Piping System Materials
Table 5-2 Class 1 Piping Materials
Materials Specifically Not Permitted
Material Compatibility
Compatibility with Oxygen
Table 5-3 Oxygen Systems Contained in MIL-STD-777
Environmental Compatibility
Section 4. Construction Considerations
Table 5-4 Wall Thickness for Bending
Pipe Joints
Brazing Qualification
Flanged Joints/Bolted Flanges
Section 5. Design Guidance
Fluid Flow Approximations
Figure 5-1 Friction Factors for Clean Commercial Stest and Wrought Iron Pipe
Approach to Flow Approximation
Figure 5-2 Resistance of Valves and Fittings
Table 5-5 Physical Properties of Gases
Table 5-6 Reasonable Velocities for the Flow of Water Through Pipe
Table 5-9 Flow of Water Through Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
Table 5-10 Flow of Air Through Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
Table 5-11 Commercial Wrought Steel Pipe Data
Table 5-11 Commercial Wrought Steel Pipe Data - Cont'd
Approach to Flow Approximation - Cont'd
Approximation for Water, Low Flow
Figure 5-3 Example Fluid System
Approximation for Helium, High Flow
Table 5-12 Typical Dimentions for Commercially Available Tubing
Design for Pressure
Design for Pressure - Cont'd
System Detailing and Final Flow Analysis
System Detailing and Final Flow Analysis - Cont'd
Flanged Joint Seals
Structural Analysis - ufc_4_159_01n0250
Structural Analysis - Cont'd
Analysis Procedure for Category I and II Piping System
Category III and IV Piping Systems
Noise Considerations
Table 5-13 Sound Level Considerations in Small Compartments (5.13)
Noise Control.
Color Code Shore Based Systems
References - ufc_4_159_01n0258
References - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0259
Chapter 6 Life Support Systems
Figure 6-1 Parcentage of Oxygen in Breathing Mixture as a Function of Depth and Oxygen Partial Pressure (1)
Oxygen versus Depth Ranges
Contaminants - ufc_4_159_01n0263
Figure 6-2 Limiting Percent of CO2 in Breathing Gas Mixture as a Funtion of Depth and CO2 Partial Pressure (1)
Figure 6-3 Relation of Physiological Effacts to Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Exposure Period (4)
Figure 6-2 Limiting Percent of CO in Breathing Gas Mixture as a Funtion of Depth and CD Partial Pressure (7)
Breathing Gas Consumtion Requirements
Figure 6-5 Total Hydrocarbons Allowed Vs. Dive Depth (7)
Figure 6-7 Allowable Sulfur Dioxide Vs. Dive Depth (7)
Figure 6-8 Relation of Respiratory Volume and Oxygen Consumtion to Type and Level of Exertion (9)
Section 2. Air Systems
Figure 6-9 Compressed Air System
Figure 6-10 Vertical Storage Flask Drain
Figure 6-11 Horizontal Storage Flask
Section 3. Gas Systems
Figure 6-14 Gas Transfer to Storage
Figure 6-15 Schematic Arrangement of Airco Mixmaker Mixing System (1)
Figure 6-16 Carbon Dioxide Control
Figure 6-17 Characteristics of Three Carboon Dioxide Absorbent (1)
Temperature-Humidity Control
Figure 6-18 relation of Pressure Drop to Supercial Velocity,Pressure
Figure 6-19 Typical Canister Configuration (1)
Figure 6-20 Temperature Humidity Control
Figure 6-21 Psychrometric Chart1 - Data for Gas Mixtures at Pressures
Figure 6-22 Psychrometric Chart 2 - Data for Gas Mixtures at Pressures
Figure 6-23 Psyhrometric Chart 3 - Correction for Enthalpy of Molsture Content (1)
Gas Distribution
Figure 6-24 Gas Sampling Equipment
Section 4. Auxiliary Breathing Systems
Section 5. Atmosphere Monitoring
Figure 6-26 Typical Online Gas Analysis System
Section 6. Food Supply
Figure 6-27 Typical Potable Water and Sanitary System
Figure 6-28 Typical Sanitary System Interlock
Potable Water and Sanitary System
References - ufc_4_159_01n0298
Chapter 7. Wet Chamber Water Systems
Figure 7-1 West Pot Water System Schemetric Diagram
Lines
Section 2. Water Treatment
Section 3. Water Temperature Control
Figure 7-2 Viewport Insulating Cover
References - ufc_4_159_01n0305
Chapter 8. Fire Protection and Extinguishing Systems
Manual Activation
Figure 8-1 Pressurized Tank for Fire Extinguishing
Fire Extinguishers
This is a Serious Misconception
Figure 8-2 Physiologically Usable, Fire Safe Regional for Helium-Oxygen Atmospheres (1)
Figure 8-3 Combustibility of Material in a Chamber Pressurized First with Air Then With Helium
Structural
Emergency Breathing Apparatus
References - ufc_4_159_01n0316
Chapter 9. Electrical Systems
Section 2. Power Supply
Figure 9-1 Example of Isolation Circuits
Section 3. Wiring
Explosion-Proof Circuits
Figure 9-2 Example of an Energy Limited Supply
Section 4. Lighting
Figure 9-3 Hull Mounted Sbmarine Navigation Light
Figure 9-4 Light Pipe Pressure Containing Windows
Figure 9-6 Hull Mounted Submarine Navigation Light Replacement
Figure 9-8 External Light Heat Shield and Dissipation
Table 9-1 Recommended Illumination Levels for Various Task Grades
References - ufc_4_159_01n0329
Section 1. Audio Communications
Intercom Power Requirements
Figure 10-1 Fundamental Lengthwise Resonant Frequencis
Section 2. Video Communications
Figure 10-2 Example Audio System
Figure 10-3 Camera Location
Lighting Requirements
Chapter 11. Chamber Operating Control Systems
Figure 11-2 Suggested Parameters for Mockup of Standing Operator Workplaces
Section 2. Control Panel Design
References - ufc_4_159_01n0340
Chapter 12. Lubricants, Sealants, and Cleaning Procedures for Hyperbaric Systems
Table 12-1 Lubricants Oils
Table 12-3 Lubricants Dry Films
Table 12-4 Gaskets, Packing, and Bearings
Table 12-5 Thread Sealants and Lubricants
Section 2. Cleaning Procedures
Table 12-8 Limits for Atmospheric Constituents
Table 12-9 Maximum Concentration for Some Common Contaminants in Saturation Complex Atmospheres
Table 12-9 Maximum Concentration for Some Common Contaminants in Saturation Complex Atmospheres - Cont'd
Piping and Gas Storage Systems
Acceptable Cleaning Agents
References - ufc_4_159_01n0352
Index - ufc_4_159_01n0353
Index - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0354
Index - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0355
Index - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0356
Index - Cont'd - ufc_4_159_01n0357
