TM 5-814-9
Space requirements. Planners and designers must
(1)
facility should be located between the training areas
consider overall space requirements for the facility.
and the maintenance shops/motor pools. The
Large, open areas will be needed if a total recycle
vehicles should return from the training areas and,
treatment system is to be installed. Lagoon treat-
after washing, return to the maintenance shops/
ment systems require even larger areas than inter-
motor pools with minimal travel on cantonmen
mittent sand filter systems. Smaller areas will
roads.
suffice for partial or total discharge systems. A
b. Weather. The wash facility must be designed with due
CVWF with eight wash stations, no prewash, and
no recycle system can require 2 to 4 acres; one with
consideration to all local and regional weather conditions.
20 wash stations, 4 lane prewash, and a complete
Temperature. If the installation is in a region with
recycle treatment system can require as much as 50
(1)
acres.
long periods of freezing temperatures, some stan-
dard CVWF components, such as the prewash bath
Cantonment boundary. The wash facility should be
(2)
may not be useable since the CVWF is not intended
located near the permanent cantonment boundary
to be operated continuously at temperatures below
40F. In areas with seasonal or occasional freezing
and between the training areas and maintenance
shops/motor pools. The vehicles must be cleaned
temperatures, special piping and plumbing fixtures
before they enter the cantonment area; otherwise,
must be installed at the outdoor facilities to drain
the dirt will fall onto the roads and trails within this
the exposed pipes and keep them from freezing.
area. Future changes in the cantonment boundary
South-facing slopes should be considered for con-
must also be considered when siting the CVWF.
struction sites to take the greatest advantage of the
sun for heating during the winter months. The
Training area. The facility should be located as
(3)
washing structures and treatment system still must
close as possible to the main tank trails, access
be protected from freezing temperatures to prevent
roads from the training areas, or similar sites. The
pipes and other vulnerable components from freez-
vehicles are washed as they return from the training
ing and rupturing.
field areas prior to entry onto cantonment roads.
Winds. The designer should consider locating the
Future locations for training areas also must be
(2)
considered with respect to the CVWF site.
wash facility and treatment system to minimize
adverse effects from wind. Wind blowing over
Transportation arteries. Several routes usually
(4)
basins increases the rate of evaporation. In addition,
enter the cantonment area from many different
winds that blow over the long axis of an elongated
training areas. A CVWF usually cannot be con-
basin can create waves that will erode the banks.
structed at each entry point, so new roads or tank
Wind can be used to move surface oil toward the oil
trails may have to be built to link the primary routes
skimmer in sediment basins provided the oil
from the training areas with the wash facility. To
skimmer is located properly. Strategically placed
prevent the vehicles from becoming soiled imme-
vegetation, structures, and fences can reduce the
diately after washing, they must return from the
adverse effects of wind. However, vegetation must
wash facility to the maintenance shops/motor pools
not interfere with pipes, trenches, pavement, liners,
on paved roads or tank trails. If the exit from the
or other functional parts of the facility.
facility is placed close to existing roads or tank
trails that are paved, new construction will be kept
(3)
to a minimum. The facility must also be located to
elevated slightly with respect to the surrounding
minimize the distance that dirty vehicles must travel
grounds should be chosen to ensure that stormwater
on major transportation arteries. Otherwise, the
can be controlled. Stormwater collected on the
dirty vehicles will drop soil on roads over which
pavement during washing operations should be
other vehicles travel. The number of tank-trail
directed toward the treatment system since this
crossings over major roads, both to and from the
water may require treatment; in addition, it can be
wash facility, must also be minimized. The entrance
used as makeup water for a recycle system. Curbing
and exit of the wash facility should be sited to avoid
should be installed where the soil and pavement
adverse effects on traffic both there and in the
interface, and where it is needed to control the
cantonment area. The facility should not be located
in congested areas such as near the main gates,
falling on the surrounding area should be directed
major intersections, hospitals, administration
away from the facility unless it is to be used as a
offices, and other high traffic areas.
source of makeup water.
Maintenance shops/motor pools. Present and future
Vegetation. The site layout should make effective
(5)
(4)
locations for tactical maintenance shops and motor
use of existing vegetation to protect the buildings,
pools must be considered in siting the CVWF. The
personnel, and basins against wind and sunlight.
3-8
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