MIL-HDBK-1005/9A
2.4.6.2
Toxic Substances. Toxic substances, such as heavy
metals and certain organic compounds, present in some industrial
wastes must be controlled to avoid upset or pass-through of
biological treatment systems.
a) The levels of heavy metals that can usually be
tolerated by biological treatment systems as both a continuous
load and as a shock load are listed on Table 3. These levels
should be used only for influent characterization to biological
treatment at NOTW and pretreatment facilities. The NPDES permit
establishes allowable effluent metal limits for direct discharge
to navigable water. Allowable levels for indirect discharge are
established by the POTW's sewer use ordinance and applicable
pretreatment standards.
b) Some organic priority pollutants are also removed
by conventional biological treatment systems. Removal
mechanisms are biodegradation, volatilization (stripping), and
adsorption. Other organic priority pollutants are not removed
to any significant or reliable degree and pass through the
treatment facility. The degree, methods, and costs of removal
of the priority pollutants by conventional treatment processes
have been determined by the EPA (refer to EPA 600/2-82-001 a-e,
Treatability Manual, Vols. I-V). These treatability data should
be used for guidance only. Actual removal performance depends
on the operating characteristics (sludge age, mixed liquor
suspended solids (MLSS)) of the treatment facility, the method
of oxygenation, and the amount and nature of other compounds
present in the wastewater.
Bench or pilot scale treatability studies should
determine removal performance. Refer to Industrial Water
Pollution Control, by Eckenfelder and Ford (1988), for the
procedure for conducting treatability studies.
2.4.6.3
Other Pollutants. Some industrial wastes from Navy
installations may not contain any listed priority pollutants but
may still be toxic due to the presence of other compounds.
These wastes should be evaluated using bioassay procedures to
negotiate and establish pretreatment levels for discharge to
POTW systems (refer to paragraph 2.4.7).
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