TM 5-810-15
b. Valve types. Numerous types of valves are
Table 8-3. Valve Construction.
available including globe, gate, butterfly, plug, ball
Application
and check valves. Valves can be furnished with
Body Material:
flanged, butt welded, socket welded, or screwed
Cast Iron
Pressure up to 250 psi, temperature up to 267
end connections.
degrees F, water, oil, gas
c. Valve construction. Valves must be con-
structed of suitable materials for the pressures,
Steel
Pressure up to 9000 psi, temperature up to
temperatures, and fluids for which they will be
800 degrees F, water, oil, gas, steam
used. Table 8-3 summarizes body and packing
Stainless
Pressure up to 9000 psi, temperature up to
materials and their application. Consideration will
Steel
1200 degrees F, corrosive fluids
be given to special disc and seat materials and valve
bonnet types when required by special process
Bronze
Pressure up to 300 psi, temperature up to 400
conditions.
degrees F, water, air gas
8-4. Pipe insulation.
Packing
Material:
a. Acceptable types. Table 8-4 shows the accept-
Teflon
Temperature up to 450 degrees F, water, oil,
able types of insulation material.
gas
b. Applications.
(1) Burn protection. Where applicable, insula-
Graphite
Temperature up to 1000 degrees F, water, oil,
tion will be sufficiently thick to provide burn
gas, steam
protection as required by OSHA regulations.
Table 8-4. Acceptable Insulation Types.
Insulation Type
Advantages
Disadvantages
Asbestos free calcium silicate ASTM C
Inexpensive, easy to handle, numerous
Deteriorates in moist conditions, not very
533 and expanded silica (perlite)
manufacturers, for use from 100
compressible, unsuitable for direct buried
degrees F to 1500 degrees F.
applications.
Fiberglass ASTM E-84
Inexpensive, easy to handle, numerous
Loses insulating value in moist conditions,
manufacturers, for use from -40
unsuitable for direct buried applications.
degrees F to 1200 degrees F.
Cellular Glass
Impervious to moisture, easy to handle,
Not compressible, few manufacturers.
for use from -40 degrees F to 1200
degrees F can be used above and below
ground.
*Insulation systems using composite of two or more acceptable insulations may also be acceptable.
(2) Thermal efficiency. For purposes of efficiency, the recommended economic thickness of pipe
insulation is shown in table 8-5. Further thicknesses of insulation will be installed on the basis of a LOCA.
Table 8-5. Recommended Economic Thickness for Pipe insulation.
Temperature of pipe F
Nominal Pipe
size, in.
100-199
200-299
300-399
400-499 500-599 600-699 700-799
800-899
900-999 1000-1099 1100-1200
UTILITY--STEAM GENERATION
l and less
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
5
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
6
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
8-10
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