UFC 3-440-01
14 June 2002
4-5 CONTROL SUB-SYSTEM....................................................... 4-22
4-5.1 Differential Temperature Control Unit (DTC) ........................ 4-22
4-5.2 Temperature Sensors and Locations ................................... 4-23
4-5.3 Monitoring Equipment ........................................................... 4-24
4-6 SAFETY FEATURES .............................................................. 4-25
4-6.1 Fall Protection ..................................................................... 4-25
4-6.2 Equipment Lockout and Disconnect ................................... 4-25
4-7 CASE STUDY ......................................................................... 4-25
APPENDIX A REFERENCES .................................................................................. A-1
APPENDIX B HOT WATER LOAD ESTIMATIONS ................................................. B-1
APPENDIX C WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS ........................................................... C-1
APPENDIX D EXAMPLE DESIGN CHECKLIST ...................................................... D-1
APPENDIX E EXAMPLE DRAWINGS CHECKLIST ................................................ E-1
APPENDIX F SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS ..................................F-1
APPENDIX G SOLAR ENERGY CASE STUDY AT FORT HUACHUCA, AZ .......... G-1
FIGURES
Figure
Title
Figure 3-1. Closed-Loop Antifreeze System ................................................................ 3-2
Figure 3-2. Direct Circulation System .......................................................................... 3-3
Figure 3-3. System Selection Flowchart ...................................................................... 3-5
Figure 3-4. Flat-Plate Collector.................................................................................... 3-6
Figure 3-5. Minimum Collector Row Spacing .............................................................. 3-8
Figure 3-6. Possible Array Configurations and Area ................................................. 3-10
Figure 4-1. Collector Manifold Types........................................................................... 4-2
Figure 4-2. Collector Array Terminology ...................................................................... 4-4
Figure 4-3. Reverse-Return Versus Direct- Return Piping Strategies ......................... 4-6
Figure 4-4. Steps in Developing a Reverse Return Piping Layout............................... 4-7
Figure 4-5. Examples of Reverse-Return Piping ......................................................... 4-8
Figure 4-6. Manifold Sizing Example ......................................................................... 4-11
Figure 4-7. Manifold Sizing Example (Metric) ............................................................ 4-12
Figure 4-8. Thermal Expansion Versus Temperature Differential for Copper Pipe ... 4-14
ii
Previous Page
