UFC 3-440-01
14 June 2002
Figure 4-9. Calculation of Total Expansion Tank Volume ......................................... 4-19
Figure 4-10. Typical Pump and System Operation Curves ........................................ 4-22
Figure D-1. Manifold Sizing Worksheet ...................................................................... D-6
Figure F-1. Typical Solar Thermal Energy System ......................................................F-1
Figure F-2. Typical Collector Efficiency Curve.............................................................F-6
Figure F-3. Typical Solar Collector Efficiency Plots .....................................................F-7
Figure F-4. Solar Fraction Versus Collector Area .......................................................F-13
Figure G-1. Photo of Collector Arrays ........................................................................ G-2
Figure G-2. Solar Hot Water System Piping Diagram ................................................ G-3
Figure G-3. Typical Array Layout ................................................................................ G-4
Figure G-4. "Quad Rod" Double Wall Heat Exchanger .............................................. G-4
Figure G-5. Connection to the Existing Domestic System .......................................... G-5
Figure G-6. Equipment Housing ................................................................................. G-5
Figure G-7. Wiring Diagram........................................................................................ G-6
Figure G-8. Differential Temperature Controller ......................................................... G-6
Figure G-9. Solar Insolation Measured for May 1997 ................................................. G-9
Figure G-10. Solar Insolation Measured for June 1997............................................ G-10
Figure G-11. Solar Insolation Measured for July 1997 ............................................. G-10
Figure G-12. Hot Water Demand for May 1997........................................................ G-11
Figure G-13. Hot Water Demand for June 1997 ...................................................... G-11
Figure G-14. Hot Water Demand for July 1997 ........................................................ G-12
Figure G-15. Temperature Differences Across Heat Exchanger (May 1997) ........... G-12
Figure G-16. Temperature Differences Across Heat Exchanger (June 1997) .......... G-13
Figure G-17. Temperature Differences Across Heat Exchanger (July 1997) ........... G-13
Figure G-18. Temperature Responses (8 May 1997) ............................................... G-14
Figure G-19. Temperature Responses (17 June 1997)............................................ G-14
Figure G-20. Temperature Responses (15 July 1997) ............................................. G-15
Figure G-21. Supply and Return Temperature Differences (May 1997) ................... G-15
Figure G-22. Supply and Return Temperature Differences (June 1997) .................. G-16
Figure G-23. Supply and Return Temperature Differences (July 1997) ................... G-16
Figure G-24. Solar Array BTU's Delivered and Hot Water Demand ......................... G-17
Figure G-25. Solar Array Joule's Delivered and Hot Water Demand ....................... G-17
Figure G-26. Solar Array BTU's Delivered, Gas Usage and Hot Water Usage ........ G-18
Figure G-27. Solar Array Joule's Delivered, Gas Usage and Hot Water Usage ....... G-18
TABLES
Table
Title
4-1
Pressure Drop Corrections.................................................................... 4-10
B-1
Estimated Average Hot Water Loads for Various Facilities ................... B-1
C-1
Data for Calculating pH of Saturation (pHs) Calcium Carbonate ........... C-2
C-2
Prediction of Water Tendencies by the Ryznar Index ............................ C-2
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