Active Solar Preheat Systems - index
Active Solar Preheat Systems - ufc_3_440_010001
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) - ufc_3_440_010002
Foreword - ufc_3_440_010003
Contents - ufc_3_440_010004
Figures - ufc_3_440_010005
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_3_440_010006
Chapter 1 Introduction - ufc_3_440_010007
Chapter 2 Requirements
Feasibility Discussion
Chapter 3 System Selection, Planning and Coordination
Figure 3-1. Closed-Loop Antifreeze System
Figure 3-2. Direct Circulation System
System Selection - ufc_3_440_010013
Figure 3-3. System Selection Flowchart
Figure 3-4. Flat-Plate Collector
Array Azimuth Angle
Figure 3-5. Minimum Collector Row Spacing
Array Support Structure - ufc_3_440_010018
Figure 3-6. Possible Array Configurations and Area
Storage Tank Location
Coordination - ufc_3_440_010021
Structural Engineer
Chapter 4 System Design
Figure 4-1. Collector Manifold Types
Insulation - ufc_3_440_010025
Figure 4-2. Collector Array Terminology
Flow Balancing
Figure 4-3. Reverse-Return Versus Direct Return Piping Strategies
Figure 4-4. Steps in Developing a Reverse Return Piping Layout
Figure 4-5. Examples of Reverse-Return Piping - ufc_3_440_010030
Figure 4-5. Examples of Reverse-Return Piping - ufc_3_440_010031
Table 4-1. Pressure Drop Corrections
Figure 4-6. Manifold Sizing Example
Figure 4-7. Manifold Sizing Example (Metric)
Storage Sub-System - ufc_3_440_010035
Figure 4-8. Thermal Expansion Versus Temperature Differential for Copper Pipe
Transport Sub-System
Specification - ufc_3_440_010038
Expansion Tank
Determination of Design Pressures
Figure 4-9. Calculation of Total Expansion Tank Volume
Pressure Relief Valves - ufc_3_440_010042
Transport Sub-System Checklist
Figure 4-10. Typical Pump and System Operation Curves
Temperature Sensors and Locations
Monitoring Equipment
Safety Features
Appendix A References - ufc_3_440_010048
Non-Government Publications - ufc_3_440_010049
Appendix B Hot Water Load Estimations
Appendix C Water Quality Analysis
Table C-1. Data for Calculating pH of Saturation (pHs) Calcium Carbonate
Appendix D Example Design Checklist
Coordination - ufc_3_440_010054
System Planning - Equipment Room Size
Flat-plate collector requirements
Storage Sub-System - ufc_3_440_010057
Figure D-1. Manifold Sizing Worksheet
Transport Subsystem
Control Subsystem
Appendix E Example Drawings Checklist
Suggested Drawings
Roof Plan (To Scale)
System Elevation
Details
Collector temperature sensor mounting details
Appendix F Solar Energy System Fundamentals
Solar Energy Applications
Collector Sub-System
Collector Efficiency and Performance
Efficiency Parameters
Figure F-2. Typical Collector Efficiency Curve
Figure F-3. Typical Solar Collector Efficiency Plots
Array Support Structure - ufc_3_440_010074
Collector Sub-Systems (Lessons Learned)
Freeze Protection
Heat Exchangers
Control Sub-System
Figure F-4. Solar Fraction Versus Collector Area
Standard Solar Energy System
Appendix G Solar Energy Study at Fort Huachuca, AZ (March 1998)
Figure G-1. Photo of Collector Arrays
Figure G-2. Solar Hot Water System Piping Diagram
Figure G-3. Typical Array Layout
Figure G-5. Connection to the Existing Domestic System
Figure G-7. Wiring Diagram
Construction Completion
Temperature Differences Across the DHW Heat Exchanger
Figure G-9. Solar Insolation Measured for May 1997
Figure G-10. Solar Insolation Measured for June 1997
Figure G-12. Hot Water Demand for May 1997
Figure G-14. Hot Water Demand for July 1997
Figure G-16. Temperature Differences Across Heat Exchanger (June 1997)
Figure G-18. Temperature Responses (8 May 1997)
Figure G-20. Temperature Responses (15 July 1997)
Figure G-22. Supply and Return Temperature Differences (June 1997)
Figure G-24. Solar Array BTU's Delivered and Hot Water Demand
Figure G-26. Solar Array BTU's Delivered, Gas Usage and Hot Water Usage
Active Solar Preheat Systems - ufc_3_440_010001
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) - ufc_3_440_010002
Foreword - ufc_3_440_010003
Contents - ufc_3_440_010004
Figures - ufc_3_440_010005
Figures - Cont'd - ufc_3_440_010006
Chapter 1 Introduction - ufc_3_440_010007
Chapter 2 Requirements
Feasibility Discussion
Chapter 3 System Selection, Planning and Coordination
Figure 3-1. Closed-Loop Antifreeze System
Figure 3-2. Direct Circulation System
System Selection - ufc_3_440_010013
Figure 3-3. System Selection Flowchart
Figure 3-4. Flat-Plate Collector
Array Azimuth Angle
Figure 3-5. Minimum Collector Row Spacing
Array Support Structure - ufc_3_440_010018
Figure 3-6. Possible Array Configurations and Area
Storage Tank Location
Coordination - ufc_3_440_010021
Structural Engineer
Chapter 4 System Design
Figure 4-1. Collector Manifold Types
Insulation - ufc_3_440_010025
Figure 4-2. Collector Array Terminology
Flow Balancing
Figure 4-3. Reverse-Return Versus Direct Return Piping Strategies
Figure 4-4. Steps in Developing a Reverse Return Piping Layout
Figure 4-5. Examples of Reverse-Return Piping - ufc_3_440_010030
Figure 4-5. Examples of Reverse-Return Piping - ufc_3_440_010031
Table 4-1. Pressure Drop Corrections
Figure 4-6. Manifold Sizing Example
Figure 4-7. Manifold Sizing Example (Metric)
Storage Sub-System - ufc_3_440_010035
Figure 4-8. Thermal Expansion Versus Temperature Differential for Copper Pipe
Transport Sub-System
Specification - ufc_3_440_010038
Expansion Tank
Determination of Design Pressures
Figure 4-9. Calculation of Total Expansion Tank Volume
Pressure Relief Valves - ufc_3_440_010042
Transport Sub-System Checklist
Figure 4-10. Typical Pump and System Operation Curves
Temperature Sensors and Locations
Monitoring Equipment
Safety Features
Appendix A References - ufc_3_440_010048
Non-Government Publications - ufc_3_440_010049
Appendix B Hot Water Load Estimations
Appendix C Water Quality Analysis
Table C-1. Data for Calculating pH of Saturation (pHs) Calcium Carbonate
Appendix D Example Design Checklist
Coordination - ufc_3_440_010054
System Planning - Equipment Room Size
Flat-plate collector requirements
Storage Sub-System - ufc_3_440_010057
Figure D-1. Manifold Sizing Worksheet
Transport Subsystem
Control Subsystem
Appendix E Example Drawings Checklist
Suggested Drawings
Roof Plan (To Scale)
System Elevation
Details
Collector temperature sensor mounting details
Appendix F Solar Energy System Fundamentals
Solar Energy Applications
Collector Sub-System
Collector Efficiency and Performance
Efficiency Parameters
Figure F-2. Typical Collector Efficiency Curve
Figure F-3. Typical Solar Collector Efficiency Plots
Array Support Structure - ufc_3_440_010074
Collector Sub-Systems (Lessons Learned)
Freeze Protection
Heat Exchangers
Control Sub-System
Figure F-4. Solar Fraction Versus Collector Area
Standard Solar Energy System
Appendix G Solar Energy Study at Fort Huachuca, AZ (March 1998)
Figure G-1. Photo of Collector Arrays
Figure G-2. Solar Hot Water System Piping Diagram
Figure G-3. Typical Array Layout
Figure G-5. Connection to the Existing Domestic System
Figure G-7. Wiring Diagram
Construction Completion
Temperature Differences Across the DHW Heat Exchanger
Figure G-9. Solar Insolation Measured for May 1997
Figure G-10. Solar Insolation Measured for June 1997
Figure G-12. Hot Water Demand for May 1997
Figure G-14. Hot Water Demand for July 1997
Figure G-16. Temperature Differences Across Heat Exchanger (June 1997)
Figure G-18. Temperature Responses (8 May 1997)
Figure G-20. Temperature Responses (15 July 1997)
Figure G-22. Supply and Return Temperature Differences (June 1997)
Figure G-24. Solar Array BTU's Delivered and Hot Water Demand
Figure G-26. Solar Array BTU's Delivered, Gas Usage and Hot Water Usage
