MIL-HDBK-1191
SECTION 14: PHYSICAL SECURITY
14.1
General. This section provides facility design guidance for
physical security and crime prevention. Established installation security
strategies should also be taken into consideration. The purpose of
physical security is to make unauthorized access to assets so difficult
that an intruder will hesitate to attempt a facility penetration or will,
in the course of such efforts, be forced to take actions that will assist
in detection or apprehension. Physical security design and construction
considerations may include features discussed in Section 15: Force
Protection. Please review this section.
14.2
Design Criteria. Guidance for physical security design is
provided in MIL-HDBK-1013/1A, "Design Guidelines for Physical Security of
Facilities" (reference 14a), OPNAVINST 5530.14C, "Navy Physical Security
Manual" (reference 14b), and in using Military Department criteria.
14.3
Passive Security. Facilities should be sited and designed to
maximize passive security. Passive security depends largely on staff
awareness of the presence of unauthorized persons. This concept includes
the use of security zoning within a facility. Specific using Military
Department criteria shall be followed. The following are recommended
considerations:
14.3.1
Access Control. Proper design permits staff to control
specific areas of responsibility, thereby reducing or eliminating the
opportunity for undesirable behavior within a designated area by
restricting access to only those authorized personnel having legitimate
reasons for access. Consideration should be given to vehicular and
pedestrian access routes, parking layouts, landscaping, lighting, and
location and design of department reception areas and other operational
functions to assist in controlling access.
14.3.2
Proximity Placement. Planning and design should take into
consideration collocating, if feasible, departments of similar sensitivity
and access requirements along with the design of parking layouts,
entrances, and personnel traffic patterns to maximize the effectiveness of
an access control system.
14.3.3
Visibility. Locations of reception desks should afford
unrestricted visibility of entrances, thereby establishing entry control
points. Traffic patterns must bring traffic to these control points to
ensure effective 24-hour staff control.
14.4
Physical Construction. Physical construction should be
designed to prevent unauthorized access to high value assets, i.e., to
resist break-in to security cages, pharmacies, vaults, storerooms, mail
rooms, etc. Mail rooms should be located at the perimeters of facilities.
14.5
Electronic Security Systems.
14.5.1
Systems Considerations. Electronic security systems, including
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), duress alarms, electronic access control
systems and Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) systems, shall be provided for
facilities when required by the using Military Department. Multiple
electronic security systems may be integrated to provide an overall
facility security system. A staff identification card system with multiple
levels of access control may be provided. Package inspection devices may
14-1
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