MIL-HDBK-1005/9A
industrial wastes. Use existing installations to forecast
conditions for facilities to be constructed. Exercise caution
with regard to the similarity of oily wastewater sources and
collection systems. Length and configuration of collection
system, liquid transport velocities, and associated
appurtenances (pumping) can significantly influence wastewater
characteristics.
3.7.2
Characteristics. The types and concentrations of
contaminants in oily wastes from different sources will vary
greatly. The type of contaminant may be one or a combination of
the following: various oils such as hydraulic, turbine,
lubricating, cutting, and motor oil (which may be in the form of
free, dispersed, emulsified, or dissolved oil); gasoline; heavy
metals; emulsifying agents; solvents; oily sludge; seawater; and
particulate matter (flotable and settleable) such as sand, soil,
gravel, and paint skins.
Based on available data from analyses of shipboard
discharges and composite influents to oily waste treatment
systems, a general characterization of physical and chemical
properties of untreated oily waste is as follows:
Concentration
(mg/L)
Characteristic
Average
Peak
Oil and grease
200 to 2,000
10,000 to 100,000
Suspended solids
50 to 500
5,000
pH
6 to 8 units
--
Copper
0.02 to 2
5 to 10
Lead
0.03 to 0.1
0.5
Mercury
Negligible
--
Nickel
0.01 to 0.2
0.5
Zinc
0.1 to 1
2
Phenolics
0.01 to 0.5
2
Sulfides
0 to 80
--
In addition, oily wastewater and compensating ballast
water from ships contain a high concentration of dissolved
solids. This can create operational, maintenance, and materials
problems for the treatment and collection systems. Principal
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