MIL-HDBK-1005/9A
problems are process upsets, corrosion, and scale formation.
Variations in wastewater flow rates occur due to discharge rates
of different ship types.
3.7.3
Flows. Determine frequency and duration of maximum
and average flows for ship-generated oily wastes by using the
methods described in paragraph 3.8. Determine flow
characteristics of other oily wastes by using the methods
described in Section 4.
3.7.4
Sampling. Collect, preserve, and analyze
representative samples to determine the physical and chemical
characteristics and concentrations. Conduct sampling program
concurrently with a flow measuring program. Oily wastewater
sources that are highly variable with regard to volume and
constituent concentrations should be sampled continuously using
flow weighted composites (refer to guidelines for sampling in
EPA PB 259146).
3.7.5
Analyses. The basic oily wastewater characterization
program should include the minimum and maximum concentrations
for the following: total solids, suspended solids, total and
dissolved oil and grease (or petroleum hydrocarbon), dissolved
organics, flash point, sulfides, specific gravity, temperature,
total halogens, and Btu value of the oil. Include the range for
pH and the presence of corrosive materials such as solvents and
acids for proper selection of construction materials. Perform
metals analyses if they are potentially present in the oily
wastewater system.
3.7.6
Treatability. Use benchscale and pilot plant studies
as required to determine treatment processes that will provide
the required effluent quality. Use benchscale experiments to
determine design criteria for chemical dosage, optimum pH,
suspended solids settling rate, temperature effects, emulsion
breaking, oil separation, sludge generation, and allowable
overflow rate. Refer to Process Design Techniques for
Industrial Waste Treatment by Adams and Eckenfelder for
treatability test procedures. When considering gravity
separation only, use column settling test at sample collection
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