MIL-HDBK-1005/9A
One alternative for sludge disposal is by contract haul.
It should be evaluated, particularly for small plants located
close to the disposal sites. Other disposal techniques are as
follows:
a) Ultimate Disposal Options (Conventional). Land
applications and land-farming are current methods used for the
disposal of oily sludge. The mineral and organic matter and
microorganisms present in soil, chemically and biologically
degrade oily sludges. Raw oily sludge is mechanically spread and
worked into the soil for improved performance. These techniques
require large land areas as the degradation process is slow.
These processes are being subjected to increasingly stringent
environmental regulations so it is necessary to check with local
and Federal regulations when disposing of hazardous oily sludges
in this manner. Further information on these techniques may be
found in NAVFAC P-916.
b) Ultimate Disposal Options (Unconventional). Less
conventional methods for the ultimate disposal of hazardous wastes
are likely to become more prevalent as rising costs of
conventional disposal methods become prohibitive. These methods
include encapsulation or solidification of sludge, followed by
disposal in a conventional site rather than a hazardous waste
site. Silicate materials, lime, cement, or gypsum are mixed with
the sludge and are allowed to set for a short time. The setting
time and the selection of the materials should be based on
laboratory scale evaluation. High concentrations of sulfates in
sludge may interfere with the process.
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