GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
DG 1110-3-112 May 1979
3-4 BUILDING DESIGN (cont'd)
weather conditions. A circular node should also be provided at elevators required to accommodate
physically handicapped persons in multi-storied facilities.
(6) Evacuation. The building's functional layout must conform to life safety requirements. Evacua-
tion during an emergency depends upon getting all of the occupants out of the building safely. This, in
turn, means that limitations may have to be placed upon space sizes, locations and distances from
exits. Also exits and passageways from the building must be sufficient in number and size. In most
emergencies, elevators will become unusable; therefore, rescue areas or other measures may have to
be considered for protection of the handicapped in multi-storied buildings.
(7) Related Considerations. Functional layout may also be affected by other considerations. For
example, areas where surveillance is desired should be laid out in such a way as to allow visual control
of circulation and other activities. Spaces with functions having common characteristics such as high
noise levels or fire hazards; or special requirement for interior detailing, structure and environmental
support; should be grouped together insofar as functional requirements for adjacencies will allow.
Analyses should incorporate these and other considerations as appropriate to meet the requirements
of each individual project.
c. STRUCTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUPPORT. A successful building design must provide
economical structure and environmental support systems selected for their ability to effectively support
functional requirements and to operate efficiently. Environmental support includes heating, ventilation
and air conditioning, lighting, electrical power and communication, plumbing, fire safety and acoustics.
(1) Structural Design. Design Loads and criteria will be in accordance with DOD 4270. 1-M and TM
5-809-1 through 6, 8 through 12. The structural systems and materials selected will be suitable for
permanent type construction, be capable of carrying the required loads, conform to the standard space
module, and be compatible with fire protection requirements, architectural concepts and functional
requirements. The structure selected will be that system which is the most economical and suitable
based on comparative cost studies for the building.
(2) Protective Construction. Design of structures for protection against seismic events and wind
storms is prescribed in TM 5-809-10 and TM 5-809-11 respectively. In locations where a deficit in PF
100 fallout shelter space exists under the Army Survival Measures Plan, described in AR 500-72,
selected areas of the structure will also be designed for dual use as fallout shelters. Technical and
other requirements will be in accordance with TM 5-800-1, Construction Criteria for Army facilities.
Single-line plans showing locations, occupant loads, and minimum protection factors for the selected
shelter areas shall be developed and included in project design analyses and completion records.
(3) Ventilation, Temperature and Humidity Control. A controlled thermal environment is an impor-
tant factor in designing comfortable, safe, and effective instructional spaces. Investigations in the area
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