TM 5-810-15
(4) If extensive or repetitive dredging of wa-
of the coal pile and methods of stockout and
terway will be necessary for plant operations.
reclaim will further affect space requirements. If oil
is used as primary fuel or as a backup fuel, storage
(5) The historical maximum and minimum
tank space must be calculated.
water level and flow readings. Check that adequate
(2) Space for the disposal of wet and dry ash
water supply is available at minimum flow and if
will be provided.
site will flood at high level.
(3) Control of runoff from material storage
areas is required by EPA regulations. Space for
2-4. Site development.
retention ponds must be provided.
a. Soils investigation. An analysis of existing
e. Flood protection. Site protection for flood fre-
soils conditions will be made to determine the
quency of once every 500 years will be calculated
proper type of foundation. Soils data will include
into area requirements.
elevation of each boring, water table level, descrip-
f. Other requirements. Space for parking, ware-
tion of soil strata including the group symbol based
houses, cooling water systems, environmental sys-
on the Unified Soil Classification System, and
tems, construction laydown areas and other re-
penetration data (blow count). Geological con-
quirements will be provided.
ditions must support the foundations of plant
structures at a reasonable cost with particular
2-5. Plant access.
attention being paid to bedrock formations and
a. Plant roadway requirements. Layout of plant
faults. The soils report will include recommenda-
roadway will be based on volume and type of
tions as to type of foundations for various pur-
traffic, speed, and traffic patterns. Proximity to
poses; excavation, dewatering and fill procedures;
principle highways should permit reasonably easy
and suitability of on site material for fill and earthen
access for construction crews and deliveries. Road-
dikes including data on soft and organic materials,
way design will be in accordance with American
rock and other pertinent information as applicable.
Association of State Highway and Transportation
b. Grading and drainage.
Officials (AASHTO) standard specifications. Road-
(1) Basic criteria. Determination of final
way material and thickness will be based on
grading and drainage scheme for a new steam plant
economic evaluations of feasible alternatives. Ve-
will be based on a number of considerations
hicular parking for plant personnel and visitors will
including size of property in relationship to the size
be located in areas that will not interfere with the
of plant facilities, desirable location on site, and
safe operation of the plant. Turning radii will be
plant access based on topography.
adequate to handle all vehicle categories.
(2) Drainage. Storm water drainage will be
b. Railroads. If a railroad spur is selected to
evaluated based on rainfall intensities, runoff
handle fuel supplies and material and equipment
characteristics of soil, facilities for receiving storm
deliveries during construction or plant expansion,
water discharge, and local regulations.
the design will be in accordance with American
Railway Engineering Association (AREA) Manual.
(3) Erosion prevention. All graded areas will
(1) Spur layout will accommodate coal han-
be stabilized to control erosion by designing shal-
dling facilities including a storage track or loop
low slopes to the greatest extent possible and by
track for empty cars. Refer to chapter 5 for
means of soil stabilization such as seeding, sod,
additional information.
stone, riprap and retaining walls.
(2) If liquid fuel is to be handled, unloading
pumps and steam connections for tank car heaters
evaporation, humidity and temperature will affect
may be required in frigid climates.
emissions dispersion, coal storage and handling,
and other aspects of plant operation.
2-6. Plant structures.
d. Area requirements. Plant area requirements
a. Size and arrangements. The steam plant main
will be figured on the type of plant; capacity; urban,
building size and arrangement depend on the
suburban or rural location; design of fuel storage
selected plant equipment and facilities including:
and handling facilities; disposal of soil waste and
whether steam generators are indoor or outdoor
treatment of wastewater; condenser cooling; and
type; coal bunker or silo arrangement in the cases
the plant structure and miscellaneous requirements.
of pulverized coal and stoker fired plants; coal,
Acquisition of land should include plant access
limestone and inert bed silo arrangement in the case
roads, rail access and space for future additions to
of atmospheric circulating fluidized bed (ACFB)
the plant.
boiler plants; source of cooling water supply
(1) Space must be provided for the long
relative to the plant; provisions for future
term coal storage pile. Maximum allowable height
expansion; and aesthetic and environmental con-
2-2
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